Configuring power connections

Definition   The provision of multiple interchangeable components to perform a single function in order to cope with failures and errors, e.g. the setup of more power supplies to reduce the risk of failure of the entire system in case one of them fails. Distributed Redundant UPS systems is a redundancy setup with three or more UPS where one serves as backup for the others in case one of them fails. There are 3 types of design and you can learn more here.  Distribution Redundancy is a type of redundancy setup in which the power distribution, not the power source, is redundant, using multiple rack PDUs. Distribution redundancy does not provide as much security as the full redundancy setup at power source level (Distributed Redundant UPS systems), because even if a server is connected to different Rack PDUs, the UPS remains the single point of failure. In the system, you can come across these variations: DN and DN+1, see these explained in the text below. Redundancy types   You may come across these terms in connection with power redundancy in the system: N: No redundancy. N+1: One UPS with one redundant power module (also referred to as internal redundancy in the UPS Power properties page). If the UPS fails, there is no redundant UPS serving as backup, but if one of the power modules inside the UPS fails, the redundant module ensures that the UPS still has full capacity. In other words, the spare power is at least equal to the capacity of one system module. 2N: Two UPS where one serves as backup for the other in case one of them fails. One UPS is referred to as A feed and the other as B feed. 2N+1: This is a combination of N+1 and 2N for combined external and internal redundancy, both one redundant UPS and one redundant power module inside both UPS. DN: This is a combination of D (distribution redundancy*) and N (above). For this type of redundancy, the power distribution is redundant but there is no redundancy on the UPS level. Therefore, you are still vulnerable to failure on the power supply. *In this case, distribution redundancy is referring to rack PDU redundancy, not UPS level redundancy. DN+1: This is a combination of D (distribution redundancy*) and N+1 (above). For this type of redundancy, the power distribution is redundant and there is internal redundancy on the UPS level (one UPS with one redundant power module). 102240420_500x560_360037995274.png

Before connecting rack PDUs, you must add rack-mount equipment and rack PDUs to the layout by dragging them from the local genomes to the rack.   In the Floor Layout, right-click the rack and select Properties > Power. In the Properties dialog box, select a rack PDU and click Edit to enter the connection details.   Note: You can pair power consumers in the Properties dialog box. Use Shift+click to select two power consumers and click Pair. The paired consumers will now appear in the Paired power consumers table. You can split a pair by selecting it and clicking Split. Paired power consumers are primarily used in a co-location facility to provide power redundancy at the rack or cage level. Simulated impact will show failover loads for each receptacle. See Simulating impact   Positioning rack PDUs within the rack   In the rack layout, use drapg and drop to position the rack PDUs. The new positions will be reflected in the navigation tree, but the changes can only be made in the rack layout.   Rack PDUs with extended information   The IT Advisor genome library includes definitions for rack PDU banks and outlets (not available in DCO prior to version 8.3). Users can connect the end power consumer in the rack to the selected outlet.   Power phase and output voltages are then found automatically by the system, based on upstream connections. When connecting rack PDU to power supplier, based on the inlet type, only relevant breakers are shown for the selection to avoid errors in power path configuration.   To check whether a rack PDU supports bank and outlet information, right-click the rack PDU and select Properties > Power. There is information about extended power information. Power Outlets and Voltage Outputs fields are not editable, and it is possible to configure Internal breakers derating.   141269868_620x680_360038496693.png  

Voltage supported in IT Advisor In IT Advisor two types of voltage are specified: Three phase voltage indicates the power supply to/from equipment that contains all three phases. The specified voltage is the voltage between two of the available phases. A three phase voltage could for example be used for a power distribution unit that can supply all three power phases. Single phase voltage are used by most power consumers, and for equipment that only supplies power on a single pair of lines/cables. The voltage specified is the voltage between the two the lines. This can be a phase-to-neutral and a phase-to-phase pair. For example, a server should be supplied with a single phase. Voltage supported in IT Advisor AC  Three phase: 100V, 200V, 208V, 380V, 400V, 415V, 480V, 600V Three phase (Scott transformed): 200V/100V, 208V/104V, 210V/105V, 220V/110V, 230V/115V Single phase (both phase-to-neutral and phase-to-phase): 58V, 100V, 104V, 105V, 110V, 115V, 120V, 200V, 208V, 210V, 220V, 230V, 240V, 277V, 347V DC You can specify the voltage used in your data center.

If you have upgraded your installation, you may need to reorganize the breaker panels. This applies specifically to generic PDUs whereas modular PDUs, if correctly configured prior to the upgrade, require minimum configuration. Generic PDU When you upgrade from a version prior to 7.4, the breakers will be placed randomly in a placeholder panel. The placeholder panel is a temporary panel and it does not resemble the actual positions of the breakers. To get the benefits of the visual breaker panel, it is important that you reorganize each breaker into the correct position in a new Breaker Panel. This can be done by right-clicking the PDU and selecting Reorganizing Breaker Panel. Reorganizing Breaker Panels Right-click a PDU and select Reorganizing Breaker Panels. If you have already created a panel, you can find it in the drop-down menu in Destination Panel or create and name a new panel. Move breakers to the destination panel. To place a breaker in the selected panel, click the desired cell in the panel and select a breaker. Only breakers with matching phases will appear in the drop-down menu. You can toggle this display limitation by using the Strict phase matching check box in the top left corner. ITA_reorg_breaker_panel_360038496253.png   Modular PDU If the PDU is correctly configured prior to the upgrade, the breaker modules should automatically be placed in the right positions, but it is important that you verify. ITA_reorg_breaker_panel_2_360038496253.png For more information on configuring modular and generic PDUs, see here.

The Power Dependency table shows details about power equipment in your data center infrastructure. You can right-click an item (row) to identify it in the layout or navigation, or to open its Properties. For a better and more graphical overview of your power dependencies, it is recommended to use the Power Path Layout. Column Description Item Power equipment items and where they fit in the power path (indention and expandable arrows). Location Location of the power equipment items in the modeled data center infrastructure. Phase Phase to which the selected equipment is connected. Outlet Outlet to which the selected equipment is connected, shown only if rack PDU has power outlets definition. Breaker module number Breaker module number (can also be found in Properties > Power > Breaker Panel). UPS used capacity Power used by equipment connected to this UPS for power. UPS reserved capacity Power reserved by equipment connected to this UPS for power. Distribution reserved capacity of UPS size Relevant for distribution units, such as PDUs, RDPs, and Power Panels. UPS power reserved by this distribution unit (in %). Distribution reserved UPS capacity Relevant for distribution units, such as PDUs, RDPs, and Power Panels. UPS power reserved by this distribution unit. Distribution estimated load Relevant for distribution units, such as PDUs, RDPs, and Power Panels. Estimated load of equipment connected to this distribution unit for power. In redundancy configurations, this value will include potential failover load. Distribution unreserved capacity Relevant for distribution units, such as PDUs, RDPs, and Power Panels. Remaining power available on this distribution unit (total power available minus the load of connected equipment). Rack remaining power Relevant if you group racks with similar power requirements (capacity groups). Remaining power available in each rack connected to this distribution unit for power. Rack maximum capacity Relevant if you group racks with similar power requirements (capacity groups). The maximum load you can add to each rack connected to this distribution unit for power.

Configuring power paths is a prerequisite for enabling some of the more advanced features, such as Add to Best rack in Planning > Asset Provisioning. Power dependencies can be configured on the device properties to identify the power connections, e.g. from UPS to PDU to rack PDU to server. The Power Dependency pane lists the configured power dependencies between the equipment in the data center model. The Power overlay highlights the configured power connections in the layout. You can enable/disable views in the floor and rack layouts by selecting Window > Show Overlays. ITA_power_connections_360038495513.png 123 Steps to...   Setting up a power path  You can set up the power connections between the equipment supplying and delivering power and the equipment requiring power. Various items can be the top level item in a modelled power path, for example a UPS, rectifier (DC power path), or PDU. If a PDU is the top level item, remember to set an input breaker value on the PDU as the system needs a value to calculate a valid power path. Before configuring the power path, you must configure the data center layout and add equipment that will make up the power path to the floor and rack layout, all the way from UPS to rack PDUs and servers. In the Application bar, select Planning> Data Center. In a room's Floor Layout, right-click a PDU and select Properties or use the Power Dependency or Equipment Browser pane to access the power property pages for any piece of equipment by right-clicking it, and selecting Properties. In the Properties dialog box, go to Power > Power Dependency to select a power supply and enter connection details for the connection between the UPS and PDU. In Power > Breaker Panel, in the Power Consumer column select the rack PDU in the drop-down menu and select breaker from the Breaker column to specify the connection between the PDU and rack PDU. Select the Power Path tab at the bottom of the floor layout pane to highlight the configuration of power connections in the layout. The above describes a very basic setup. A power path can be more advanced and include more components such as RDP or Power Panel. For example, the UPS and a Power Panel can be placed in one room and be connected to a PDU or Power Panel in another room.

Configuring multiple power connections You can configure multiple power connections to one rack PDU. The number of connections is limited by the number of power inlets on the rack-mounted equipment. Right-click the rack-mounted equipment, e.g. server, and select Properties>Power. Type the number of power inlets. In Power Cable Connection, select a rack PDU and connect to the relevant outlet if available* or choose phase from available phases. Make sure that the number of connections to each rack PDU is in compliance with your redundancy. *Only for rack PDUs with outlets definition. 141269499_1100x400_360038495473.png

A distributed redundant UPS configuration can be used as an inexpensive way to obtain complete redundancy as it is less expensive than a 2N architecture. It is usually chosen for large multi-megawatt installations where concurrent maintenance is a requirement and space is limited. It involves 3 or more UPS modules with independent input and output feeders. The critical load is connected through multiple PDUs. In some cases, STS are also used. For further information about UPS System Design Configurations, see White Paper 75. IT Advisor allows you to model all distributed redundant UPS design configurations mentioned in the white paper. Distributed redundant "catcher" UPS configuration This configuration includes 3 UPS modules in a distributed redundant design that could also be referred to as a "catcher system". In this configuration, module 3 is connected to the secondary input on each STS, and would "catch" the load upon the failure of either primary UPS module. It is only supported to have one "catcher" UPS per "catcher system" and it must be unloaded. Otherwise, you should set up a distributed redundant UPS configuration as described below. Configuration: Add UPS modules, PDUs, STS, and racks to the floor layout as illustrated. For the STS, add ATS from Genomes, right-click them and rename them STS. Add servers and rack PDUs to the racks. Configure the power paths. Right-click the UPS modules one by one and select Properties>Power to set up redundancy feeds. For UPS 1, select "With Catcher" (Distributed Redundant). For UPS 2, select "With Catcher" (Distributed Redundant). For UPS 3, select "Catcher" (Distributed Redundant). Connect all equipment to the power paths (see tip below). In normal operation, UPS 1 and 2 carry the full load. In case of a failure of either UPS 1 or 2, UPS 3 catches the load of the failing UPS. 102239844_360038495393.png Distributed redundant UPS configuration (with STS) This is a distributed redundant design with three STS and the load evenly distributed across the three modules in normal operation. The failure on any one module would force the STS to transfer the load to the UPS module feeding its alternate source. Configuration: Add UPS modules, PDUs, STS, and racks to the floor layout as illustrated. Add servers and rack PDUs to the racks. Right-click the UPS modules one by one and select Properties>Power to set up redundancy feeds, all Distributed Redundant. Right-click the STS one by one and select Properties>Power Dependency to set up primary and secondary connections. Set the primary load so each UPS carries its own load. Set the secondary load so the UPS modules alternately catch the load for each other in case of a failover. Connect all equipment to the power paths (see tip below). In normal operation, the load is evenly distributed across all 3 UPS modules. In case of a failure of any of the UPS modules (but only one at a time), the load gets transferred (failover) to the other UPS modules. 102239837_360038495393.png Distributed redundant UPS configuration (no STS) As the quantity of single-corded loads in data centers today are becoming fewer and fewer, it is becoming more practical and less costly to apply multiple, small, point of use transfer switches close to the single-corded loads. In cases with 100% dual-corded loads, this configuration could be designed without STS units. This design is typically known as a tri-redundant and uses no static transfer switches. Configuration: Add UPS modules, PDUs, and racks to the floor layout as illustrated. Add servers and rack PDUs to the racks. Right-click the UPS modules one by one and select Properties>Power to set up redundancy feeds, all Distributed Redundant. Connect all equipment to the power paths (see tip below). In normal operation, the load is evenly distributed across all 3 UPS modules. In case of a failure of any of the UPS modules (but only one at a time), the load gets transferred (failover) to the other UPS modules. 102239813_360038495393.png Tip Use different colors for the power paths to visually distinguish between them. (Right-click on the UPS, select Properties>Power>Power Path Color.) The Power overlay tool tips displaying when you hover over equipment in racks provide a visual overview of the load distribution and redundancy settings.

Configuring DC power In ITA you can configure a Direct Current (DC) power path by using DC genomes to model DC equipment, including a rectifier and fuses for breakers to form the power path. Generic DC equipment is available in the Genome Library. You can add these to your local genomes and adjust the properties to match the DC equipment in your data center infrastructure, all the way from top level item such as UPS or rectifier in the floor layout all the way to rack PDUs and servers in the rack layout. Note Various items can be the top level item in a modelled power path, for example a UPS, rectifier (DC power path), or PDU. If a PDU is the top level item, remember to set an input breaker value on the PDU as the system needs a value to calculate a valid power path. A rectifier can be added as the top level item in a power path with DC voltages. If your setup includes a rectifier, you may find power specified in amps/volt in addition to kW depending on the available vendor data. In case these are not completely identical (due to rounding), ITA will use the lowest of these values to be on the safe side.  If you set input breaker ratings on the equipment, the available capacity may be restricted by these. If your configured DC equipment is associated with DCE devices with measured data in amps, the ITA tooltip will show amp values. You can set a Default breaker derating for DC (Preferences>General). How to model DC equipment To set up a DC power path in ITA: Set up your DC genomes. Open the Genome Library and drag and drop items supporting DC voltages into your local list of genomes, e.g. Generic items such as rectifiers, breakers and fuses, UPS, ATS, PDU, PP, RDP units, and rack PDUs. Right-click and select Properties to rename items and adjust power properties as needed to match your modeled items with your physical infrastructure, for example kW values on servers, input breaker ratings on PDUs, volt/amps ratings on rectifiers. Learn more here about working with genomes in ITA. Add your DC equipment to the floor and rack layout and configure the power connections between them, all the way from top level item such as UPS or rectifier to rack PDU and server. Enable the layout edit mode (Application bar Planning> Data Center). Open a room's Floor Layout, and drag the floor-mounted equipment from your list of genomes to the layout, such as UPS, rectifier, power distribution units, and racks. Open a room's Rack Layout, and drag the rack-mounted rack-mounted equipment from your list of genomes to the layout, such as rack PDUs, and servers. Open the power-related properties of the equipment one by one (right-click, Properties>Power/Power Distribution/Power Dependency) and set up the power connections between the equipment in the power path, including breakers and fuses. The configured power paths are highlighted graphically in the Power Path layout and as lists in the Power Dependency tab below the layout. DC genomes 108828076_817x400_360037994614.png

There are two types of genomes: Simple rack ATS: Does not have extended information (banks, type of outlets) Extended rack ATS: Includes extra information (banks, breakers, inlets, outlets) Before using a rack ATS, you must add one from the local Genome library to the rack: To add power suppliers to the rack: In the Floor Layout, right click the rack and select Properties > Power. In the Properties dialog, choose one of the following: Select a rack PDU and click Edit to enter the connection details. Select a floor standing PDU and add a new power receptacle. Select a rack mount PDU (if it is already added to the rack). Right-click the ATS in a rack and go to Properties > Power Dependency. Working with simple rack ATSs Defining the upstream connection The upstream connection is a connection from the power supplier to the rack ATS. You must define power suppliers in the rack to establish a connection. Connecting a simple rack ATS to a simple rPDU (3-phase breaker) Because both the ATS inlet type and rPDU outlet types are unknown, the connection may be defined by choosing a phase that is available on the rPDU’s breaker. Be sure to choose the correct phase that matches the ATS inlet type.   mceclip0_4642636951197.png   Connecting a simple rack ATS to an extended RPDU (3-phase breaker) Define the rPDU outlet to use for the connection. The power outlet list contains all PDU outlets that are not occupied by other connections. You must be aware to select the correct outlet and phase. mceclip1_4642636951197.png   Connecting a simple rack ATS via power receptacle You must choose the power receptacle available in the list. There is no validation between the phase on the receptacle’s breaker and the ATS inlet type. The phase is taken from the breaker.   mceclip2_4642636951197.png   Defining the downstream connection To connect a server to a simple ATS: Right click the server you want to connect and select Properties > Power. In the Power Cable Connection section, choose a device and phase that is available on the primary connection of the ATS. mceclip3_4642636951197.png   Working with extended rack ATSs Defining the upstream connection Connecting extended  rack ATS via simple rPDU (3-phase breaker) Choose the power phase for primary and secondary connections. In this case, the ATS inlet type is known, and the list of of available phases filters out non-matching phases. mceclip4_4642636951197.png Connecting extended rack ATS via extended rPDU In this case you must define which outlet of the rPDU is used for the connection. The power outlet list contains all PDU outlets that are not occupied by other connections. The list does not contain outlets where the pin configuration does not match the server’s inlet. mceclip5_4642636951197.png   Connecting extended rack ATS via power receptacle You must choose the power receptacle available in the list. The list is restricted to the receptacles (phase) matching the ATS inlet type. Defining downstream connection Connecting the server to a simple ATS: Right click a server you want to connect and choose: Properties > Power In Power Cable Connection sections, choose a device and outlet that are available on the primary connection of extended ATS: Power outlet list contains only outlet types that match the server inlet type.   mceclip6_4642636951197.png

In the breaker panel you can add breakers with an exact definition of position and capacity available. This enables you to map out and track power connections within the PDU and to reduce stranded capacity. When correctly configured, the breaker panel provides an easy overview of available circuits, breakers, and phases. This overview can be printed and displayed inside the physical panel. Working with breaker panels includes the following procedures: Configuring Breakers Configuring PDUs Configuring Breaker Panels Connecting breakers Printing Breaker Panel Schedules When everything is set up, you can conduct impact analysis on connected breakers. See Simulating impact Configuring breakers Standard models of breakers are available in the Genome Library with detailed information about space and phase requirements. Add standard breakers from the Genome Library to your local genomes. Right-click the breaker in genomes to view and configure properties. Modular breaker Breaker Rating: The amount of power the breaker module is rated to Module size: The number of positions the breaker module occupies in the panel Power phases: The amount of phases connected to the breaker Single: a single phase module has three single phase breakers and can be connected to three individual power consumers Phase to phase (L1-L2, L2-L3, L3-L1): a phase to phase module has a two phase breaker and can have one power consumer (phase to phase modules are typically used in North America) Three phase (L1-L2-L3): a three phase module can have one power consumer Modular breaker 102237379_400x541_360037995754.png Generic breaker Breaker Rating: The amount of power the breaker is rated to Pole count: The amount of phases connected to the breaker Breaker size: The number of positions the breaker occupies on the rail Generic breaker 102237508_400x544_360037995754.png  Configuring PDUs You can configure power properties for the PDU in your local genomes or directly in the room layout. Right-click the PDU and select Properties > Power to edit voltage outputs and voltage inputs. Note that the parameter for the output is phase to phase voltage. If you have an input breaker in front of the PDU, you can specify the value here. If you specify the input breaker, remember to also specify voltage input. Configuration of a PDU in theroom layoutwill define properties for that individual PDU. Adjustments made in room layout will not affect the PDU in genomes. In genomes the configurations will apply to the PDU model in general. Adjustments can be made individually to a PDU in room layout, but only within the margins of the configurations you made in genomes. Adjustments made in genomes will not affect the PDUs already placed in the room layout. PDU power properties 102237516_400x541_360037995754.png You can also add breaker panels to the PDU in genomes. The panels will be part of the configuration of the PDU. In genomes, right-click the PDU and select Properties > Power > Breaker Panel. You can add and delete panels and in a generic panel, you can edit the circuit numbers to match your setup. You cannot connect breakers from this view. To connect breakers, drag the PDU to the room layout, right-click PDU and select Properties > Power > Breaker Panel > select panel name. More on connecting breakers here.  Add breaker panel in genomes 102237510_400x542_360037995754.png Configuring breaker panels Custom breaker panel layouts can be specified individually within the PDU. The process will vary from generic to modular breaker panels.  Modular breaker panel 123 Steps to... Configuring a modular breaker panel Add a modular panel in the room layout. Right-click a PDU and select Properties>Power>Breaker Panel>Add panel. Modular panels require minimum configuration. In the Breaker panel configuration dialog box, define Panel name, Panel size and Type - in this case Modular If you have an input breaker on the panel, select Panel breaker and add the value. Breaker panel configuration (modular) 102237514_400x796_360037995754.png Generic Breaker Panel If you have upgraded from a previous version of IT Advisor, you will have placeholder panels and need to reorganize, see here. If you are setting up a generic panel, see below. 123 Steps to... Configuring a generic breaker panel Add a generic panel in the room layout. Right-click a PDU and select Properties > power > add panel. Name the panel, set size and choose type. If you have an input breaker on the panel, select Panel breaker and add the value. In Layout in the Breaker panel configuration dialog box, you have different options: Start value: If you have more than one breaker panel in a PDU, it can be useful to give them different start values. For example one panel has circuit numbers 1-24 and the next panel starts at circuit number 25 that would be the start value for that panel. Phase grouping: If you have one circuit number covering three phases, choose phase grouping. Distribute poles on two rails: Choose how to organize your breakers on the rails: odd/even - odd numbers in the left rail and even numbers on the right sequential - sequential numbering beginning in the left rail ending in the right rail Breaker panel configuration (generic) 102237520_400x814_360037995754.png Custom Breaker Panels You can block out positions and edit circuit numbers to create a custom breaker panel. 123 Steps to... Creating a custom breaker panel In Genomes, right-click a PDU and select Properties > Power > Breaker Panel Double-click the circuit number of generic panels to change it If you delete a circuit number, that position will be blocked out Creating a custom panel 102240506_400x802_360037995754.png Connecting Breakers Before connecting breakers to the breaker panel, you need to add breaker modules or breakers to your local genomes from the Genome Library. 123 Steps to... Connect breakers Right-click a PDU and select Properties > Power > Breaker Panel to open the Properties dialog box Choose the desired panel by clicking the panel name The Selected panel details are now visible  Click a cell in the Breaker column and choose a beaker module or breaker in the drop-down menu Choose a Power Consumer to each breaker to map out breaker connections Note: Breaker modules or breakers that take up multiple positions will automatically block the cell below it. Tip You can take a picture of your breaker panel in your data center to help your memory when you map your connections. Breaker panel 102237416_400x813_360037995754.png   A picture from your data center can help map connections 102240453_400x412_360037995754.jpg Printing Breaker Panel Schedules Manage occupied and free breaker positions on each breaker panel for an easy overview of available breakers, circuit numbers and available phases that can be printed out to display inside the physical breaker panel. To print breaker panel schedules, right-click the PDU and select Reports >Panel Schedule >print. For the Co-lo version, the tenant name will be added to the printed breaker panel schedule. 102240497_400x882_360037995754.png