How does an overhead distribution system differ from an underground distribution system?

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Overhead and underground distribution systems each have their own advantages and disadvantages. Both systems have their place depending on the specific needs and constraints of the area they serve.

Overhead Distribution System:

An overhead distribution system is a method of electrical power distribution where the power lines are installed above ground on poles or towers. These systems are commonly used in both urban and rural areas and are characterized by their visible wires and supporting structures.

1. Cost: generally, overhead systems are less expensive to install and maintain compared to underground systems.
2. Installation and Maintenance: easier and quicker to install and repair. Faults are easier to locate and fix.
3. Reliability: more susceptible to weather-related disruptions (e.g., storms, high winds) and physical damage (e.g., falling trees).
4. Aesthetics: can visually unappealing due to the presence of poles and wires.
5. Safety: higher risk of public contact with live wires, which can be dangerous.

Underground Distribution System:

An underground distribution system is a method of electrical power distribution where the power lines are buried below ground. This system is often used in urban areas to reduce visual clutter and improve reliability by protecting the lines from weather-related damage.

1. Cost: more expensive to install due to the need for trenching and more complex infrastructure.
2. Installation and Maintenance: more challenging and time-consuming to install and repair. Faults are harder to locate.
3. Reliability: less prone to weather-related disruptions and physical damage. However, when faults do occur, they can take longer to repair.
4. Aesthetics: more visually appealing as there are no overhead wires or poles.
5. Safety: reduced risk of public contact with live wires, making it safer.

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